Calculate the distance from the Sun to Galactic coords (x, y, z) (NB. tuple)
Given a Galactic radius r0, choose an (x, y) position at random 
Given a distance and Galactic coordinates, calculate DM according to NE2001
Given a distance and Galactic coordinates, calculate DM according to lm98
Convert Galactic coordinates to equatorial
Convert equatorial coordinates to Galactic
Calculate sky temperature at observing frequency freq and at Galactic coordinates gl, gb according to Haslam et al
Convert the tuple (x, y, z) to Galactic sky coordinates.
Returns l, b in degrees
Convert Galactic sky coordinates at a distance dist to x,y,z coordinates.
Returns position as a tuple
Calculate the scatter time according to Bhat et al at. Frequency in MHz, pulsar with dispersion measure dm, and using a scattering spectral index of scatterindex.
Calculated as

and typically
(but there is an option to vary it!)